# Research and data Original surveys, a quarterly index and evidence reviews, each published with its method, questionnaire and data. Hypotheses for the annual study are pre-registered, and every report is reviewed by two external experts. ## The Langford Transformation Outcomes Study How often do large transformations meet their objectives, and what do the ones that succeed do differently? Each respondent reports on one specific program in an organization of 1,000 or more employees, including programs that were canceled or paused, so the results are not limited to survivors. Success is measured with five separate tests rather than a single failure rate, and respondents say whether each outcome is documented or estimated. Findings are reported as associations, not causes. - **Sample**: 1,000 executive sponsors, program leads, change leads and business-unit leaders; at least 150 per program type and 300 from regulated industries - **Program types**: AI adoption, enterprise technology, M&A integration, operating model redesign - **Success tests**: Scope delivered; cost within budget; 80% of planned benefits at 12 months; adoption target met; attrition at or below baseline - **Pre-registration**: Open Science Framework, by January 22, 2027 - **Fieldwork**: February 1 to March 19, 2027 - **Publication**: June 15, 2027: report, data tables, questionnaire and methods appendix, free without registration - **Peer review**: Two external academics before publication ## The Langford Change Load Index How much change employees in large organizations are asked to absorb, relative to their capacity to absorb it. Each quarter, 2,500 employed adults in organizations of 250 or more staff across the United States, the United Kingdom, Germany, India and Australia. The index is the simple average of four shares on a scale of 0 to 100, where higher means heavier load. Movements within the margin of error, about two points, are not reported as changes. First release: Tuesday, April 13, 2027, at 10:00 a.m. US Eastern. - **Concurrency**: Share reporting three or more significant changes to their work in the past 90 days - **Capacity gap**: Share who lack the time and support to adapt - **Clarity gap**: Share who do not understand why the changes are being made - **Strain**: Share who say the changes have made it harder to do their job well ## Library ### [Where the 70 Percent Change Failure Rate Came From, and What to Measure Instead](https://www.thelangfordinstitute.org/articles/where-the-70-percent-change-failure-rate-came-from/) Traces the most repeated statistic in change management to its sources and sets it against three decades of survey evidence. Evidence Review · Published · Oct 4, 2026 ### Beyond the Failure Rate: A Standard for Measuring Transformation Outcomes Five tests in place of one failure rate, with a scorecard boards can request at every stage gate. White Paper · Forthcoming · Nov 2026 ### Change Load: What the Evidence Says About Saturation, Fatigue and Intent to Stay Separates what employees report from what leaders estimate, two measures that are often confused. Research Brief · Forthcoming · Dec 2026 ### Sponsoring an AI Rollout: The Decisions an Executive Cannot Delegate The calls a sponsor has to make in person, from workflow redesign to how adoption is measured. Field Guide · Forthcoming · Jan 2027 ### Validated Change: Transformation Under GxP, Model Risk and Safety Rules How regulated firms plan change when validation, audit trails and training records set the pace. White Paper · Forthcoming · Feb 2027 ### The First 100 Days of an Integration: People Decisions That Set the Value Case Retention, role mapping, leadership appointments and the order of communications, with templates. Field Guide · Forthcoming · Mar 2027 ### The Middle-Manager Squeeze: Disruption, Engagement and a Role No One Redesigned What the research shows about managers in sustained change, and what it does not. Research Brief · Forthcoming · Apr 2027 --- Published by The Langford Institute. Web page: https://www.thelangfordinstitute.org/research/ Editorial standards: https://www.thelangfordinstitute.org/standards/